Luís Gomes da Costa  ·  PhD Researcher  ·  Universidade de Aveiro / ID+ / LiDA  ·  2023–2026

Dialogical Rural Art

Multimodal Artistic Creations Between Rural Places, Communities and Senses in Southern Europe

Practice-Based Artistic Research
ID+ Research Institute for Design, Media and Culture
LiDA – Laboratory in Design and Arts
Binaural Nodar – Cultural Association
Tramontana Network
Keywords
Art in rural context
Audiovisual ethnography
Site-specific art
Ethno-poiesis
Expanded cinema
Interactive installation
Inter-local dialogue
I
Introduction: A Root Between Places
The autobiographical, cultural and institutional context of the research
Research Timeline
2004 Return 2006 Binaural 2023 PhD starts 24–25 9 Essays 2026 Defence

This research stems from a lifetime of lived experience between urban and rural worlds. Born to parents who emigrated from a rural region to Lisbon, the researcher grew up oscillating between two realities — the multicultural periphery of the capital and the pristine valleys of the Paiva river in Viseu Dão Lafões. In 2004, a deliberate return to that rural world led to the founding of Binaural Nodar – Cultural Association, which has since hosted over 175 artists and researchers from more than 20 countries in artistic residence.

Over two decades of curatorial, artistic and editorial activity across rural Southern Europe — including projects in Spain, Italy, Uruguay and Brazil — the researcher developed a sustained engagement with the complexity of rural places: their identities, transformations and interlocal affinities. This doctoral research in Artistic Creation (Universidade de Aveiro / ID+ / LiDA, 2023–2026) formalises that accumulated experience into a practice-based methodology.

“This research proposes an interlocal, practice-based artistic research methodology, in which ethno-poiesis and the audiovisual essay transform ethnographic materials into sensory and relational forms of knowledge about the rural territories of Southern Europe.”

The central question: how can artistic practice, through an interlocal and multimodal methodology, capture and make visible the — often invisible — relations between geographically distant yet culturally related rural places? (Borowiecki et al., 2016; MacClancy, 2015; Figueiredo et al., 2011)

II
State of the Art and Antecedents
Artistic practices in rural contexts and inter-local dialogue

The research is situated at the intersection of four established fields. In sensory ethnography, the work of Pink (2015) and the Sensory Ethnography Lab at Harvard (Castaing-Taylor, 1996) frames an approach that privileges embodied, multisensory knowledge over textual description — while recognising that the researcher does not claim the role of ethnographer in the disciplinary sense.

The tradition of the audiovisual essay as a “form that thinks” (Corrigan, 2011; Rascaroli, 2017) — exemplified by Hutton’s long-take cinema in Two Rivers (2001–2002) and Russell’s dialectical montage in Good Luck (2017) — models how sensory rhythms can evoke inter-local connections without erasing difference.

Site-specific art provides the paradigmatic anchor through Kwon’s critique of the field’s expansion beyond singular place-dependence (2002). Finally, expanded cinema — from Youngblood (1970) to Akomfrah (2023) and Bellour’s querelle des dispositifs (2012) — frames the transition from linear essays to the interactive installation.

III
Conceptual Framework
Dual site-specificity, ethno-poiesis and the audiovisual essay as epistemological devices
Site-Specific Duality
Place A PT / ES / IT Place B PT / ES / IT third place ← relational interval →
Dual Site-Specificity
Each work establishes dialogues between two geographically distinct but culturally related rural contexts, creating “third places” in the interstices through juxtaposition and parataxis. (Costa & Duarte, 2025; Baptista, 2016; Kwon, 2002)
Ethno-poiesis
Creative transformation of ethnographic materials into poetic artistic forms that return aesthetic and political agency to participating communities. (Hymes, 1981, 2003; Gaiger, 2009; Bishop, 2012)
Taskscape
Rural places as dynamic configurations resulting from the continuous interaction between human practices, landscapes, memories and temporalities. (Ingold, 2000; Cresswell, 2014)
Boundary Objects
Archives, maps, material remnants and oral histories functioning simultaneously as ethnographic evidence and poetic raw material. (Star & Griesemer, 1989; Groot & Abma, 2021)

This research inscribes itself within practice-based artistic research: theoretical frameworks are not applied externally as analytical grids — they are operationalised as active devices that directly guide fieldwork, audiovisual capture, editing and installation. (Barrett & Bolt, 2007; Bolt, 2007)

Place is understood — following Heidegger’s Dasein (1927/1962) — as a pre-reflexive mode of being-in-the-world, while Didi-Huberman (2026) ensures the research resists any notion of fixed origins: place is dynamic, porous and relational.

“Practice is not the application of theory, but a mode of thought in itself.” — Bolt, 2007, pp. 27–34
IV
Methodology
From multi-sited fieldwork to audiovisual essay — an empirical-poetic approach
Epistemological Architecture — Practice-Based Research
ALL PHASES ARE PRACTICE-BASED — THEORY TRANSLATES DIRECTLY INTO CONCRETE CREATIVE DECISIONS PARADIGM Practice-Based Research FIELD APPROACH Phenomenology + Sensory Ethnography + Multi-sited KNOWLEDGE AV Essay + Ethno-poiesis VALIDATION Interactive Installation CONTRIBUTION Dual Site-Specificity + Ethno-poiesis + Spatial AV Essay

The methodology follows an empirical-poetic approach developed within a dialogic operative field. The researcher is NOT an ethnographer in the disciplinary sense: this quasi-ethnographic dimension exists only within the space of artistic practice — experimental cinema, audiovisual essay and installation. (Castaing-Taylor, 1996)

1
Multi-Sited Fieldwork
Two rural places from PT/ES/IT selected by affective and intuitive criteria. Immersive multisensory fieldwork: soundscape recordings, photography, in-situ interviews, archival gathering, collecting objects. Physical displacement between the two places is itself methodological. (Falzon, 2009)
2
Sensory and Phenomenological Ethnography
Binaural microphones, hydrophones, contact microphones, long embodied takes. Capturing sonic textures: tools, wind, work rhythms, disappearing dialects. (Merleau-Ponty, 1945/2012; Heidegger, 1927/1962; Pink, 2015)
3
Materials as Boundary Objects
Collected materials function simultaneously as ethnographic evidence and poetic raw material, circulating between disciplinary contexts. (Star & Griesemer, 1989; Groot & Abma, 2021)
4
Ethno-poiesis: Creative Transformation
Further research + lateral thinking + electroacoustic composition + essayistic writing. The text does not explain the field — it dialogues with it, respecting rhythms, pauses and vernacular cadences. (Hymes, 1981, 2003; Gaiger, 2009; Bishop, 2012)
5
Audiovisual Essay: Editing as Epistemological Operation
Integration of video, soundscapes, oral narratives, archival materials and poetic texts. Meaning emerges in the interval between juxtaposed fragments — not from a pre-defined thesis. (Corrigan, 2011; Rascaroli, 2017; Bolt, 2006; Baptista, 2016)
V
The Nine Audiovisual Essays
Nine dual site-specific works pairing rural communities across Portugal, Spain and Italy

Each essay applies the methodological scheme of Chapter 6 — identifying the specific thematic, the relational typology (mirror, contrast, journey/leap, analogy) and how each dimension (landscape, ethnographic, historical, literary, poetic) is concretised in that specific inter-local encounter. (Costa & Duarte, 2025)

01
Two Brotherly Hills
Pico Sacro (ES) ↔ Monte de São Macário (PT)
Spirituality · Mirror
02
The Third River
Torrente Bisagno (IT) ↔ Rio Paiva (PT)
Water / Memory · Contrast
03
Canals of Water & Sustenance
Agro Pontino (IT) ↔ Gralheira (PT)
Agriculture · Contrast
04
An Asinine Tale
Zamora (ES) ↔ Viseu Dão Lafões (PT)
Animal Life · Journey
05
Carqueja & Giesta
Ginestar (ES) ↔ Várzea de Calde (PT)
Ethnobotany · Contrast
06
Time of the Eternal Garden
Poggio delle Rose (IT) ↔ Gafanhão (PT)
Horticulture · Analogy
07
The Animals of Creation
Li Massimucçë (IT) ↔ Raso (PT)
Livestock · Contrast
08
Tessitura
Campotosto (IT) ↔ Várzea de Calde (PT)
Textile Craft · Journey
09
The Night in Common
Penna Sant’Andrea (IT) ↔ Negrelos (PT)
Calendar Rituals · Analogy
VI
“Rural Interstices” — Interactive Multichannel Installation
From time to space — a living meta-third place
Installation System
INPUT 1 Kinect sensor up to 4 participants (skeletal data) PROCESSING Unity engine 3 interaction states OUTPUT 2 large video screens 54 clips (9 essays) + ambient sound layer SYMBOLIC Translucent tulle fabrics as metaphoric membranes of memory META-PLACE Memory + imagination + perception + experience

The transition from the linear audiovisual essay to the installation space inscribes itself within Bellour’s theoretical debate on the limits of the cinematographic apparatus (2012). Inspired by Akomfrah’s multi-channel montage (2023), the installation distributes 54 video clips from all 9 essays across 2 screens, dynamically activated by visitor movement via Kinect and Unity.

Base State — Meta-Landscape
Contemplative audiovisual environment evoking the sensory qualities of rural landscapes; ambient soundscapes invite quiet reflection.
Zone 1 — Ethnographic Voice
2 central participants trigger dialogic audiovisual sequences with overlapping rural voices; ethnographic co-creation between communities.
Zone 2 — Ethno-poetic Voice
2 lateral participants engage full multisensory orchestration; poetic essays amplified; hidden sensory layers connecting places activated. (Rancière, 2009)
VII
Contributions & Implications
Rural Studies · Audiovisual Ethnography · Practice-Based Research · Contemporary Art
Rural Studies
Inter-local, relational methodology over isolated case study analysis; “third places” through poetic montage disrupting linear temporality and singular locality.
Audiovisual Ethnography
Expanded cinema extends ethnographic representation beyond documentary formats; participatory, immersive knowledge production. (Castaing-Taylor, 1996)
Practice-Based Research
Original contribution: dual site-specificity + ethno-poiesis + interactive spatialisation of essayistic thinking as an integrated methodological framework. (Barrett & Bolt, 2007)
Contemporary Art
Body as site of meaning-making; embodied knowledge challenging linear temporality. Dialogue with Akomfrah, Hutton and Russell. (Rancière, 2009; Bellour, 2012)
“Investigating with, and not merely about, rural places”

General Bibliography

  • [Akomfrah 2023] Akomfrah, J. (2023). Becoming Wind [Multi-channel video installation]. Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt.
  • [Baptista 2016] Baptista, J. (2016). Parataxis and contemporary artistic practices.
  • [Barrett & Bolt 2007] Barrett, E., & Bolt, B. (Eds.). (2007). Practice as Research. I.B. Tauris.
  • [Bellour 2012] Bellour, R. (2012). La Querelle des dispositifs. P.O.L.
  • [Bishop 2012] Bishop, C. (2012). Artificial Hells. Verso.
  • [Bolt 2006] Bolt, B. (2006). Aesthetics and Agency.
  • [Bolt 2007] Bolt, B. (2007). The Magic is in Handling. In Barrett & Bolt (Eds.), Practice as Research (pp. 27–34). I.B. Tauris.
  • [Borowiecki 2016] Borowiecki, K. J. et al. (2016). Cultural Heritage in a Changing World. Springer.
  • [Casal 2009] Casal, J. (2009). Interlocalism and Rural Dynamics.
  • [Castaing-Taylor 1996] Castaing-Taylor, L. (1996). Iconophobia. Transition, 69, 64–88.
  • [Chion 2019] Chion, M. (2019). Audio-Vision (2nd ed.). Columbia University Press.
  • [Corrigan 2011] Corrigan, T. (2011). The Essay Film. Oxford University Press.
  • [Costa & Duarte 2025] Costa, L. G., & Duarte, S. N. (2025). What can places tell each other? [manuscript].
  • [Cresswell 2014] Cresswell, T. (2014). Place: An Introduction. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • [Didi-Huberman 2026] Didi-Huberman, G. (2026). L’Éboulis de l’être. Minuit.
  • [Falzon 2009] Falzon, M. (2009). Multi-Sited Ethnography. Ashgate.
  • [Gaiger 2009] Gaiger, J. (2009). Aesthetic Narratives and Communities.
  • [Gomes da Costa 2011] Gomes da Costa, L., & Gomes da Costa, R. (2011). Three Years in Nodar. Nodar.
  • [Groot & Abma 2021] Groot, B., & Abma, T. (2021). Boundary objects. IJERPH, 18(15).
  • [Heidegger 1962] Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and Time. Harper & Row. [1927]
  • [Howes 2005] Howes, D. (Ed.). (2005). Empire of the Senses. Berg.
  • [Hutton 2001] Hutton, P. (2001, 2002). Two Rivers [Video]. 53 min. 16mm.
  • [Hymes 1981] Hymes, D. (1981). In Vain I Tried to Tell You. UPenn Press.
  • [Hymes 2003] Hymes, D. (2003). Now I Know Only So Far. Univ. Nebraska Press.
  • [Ingold 2000] Ingold, T. (2000). The Perception of the Environment. Routledge.
  • [Kaye 2000] Kaye, N. (2000). Site-Specific Art. Routledge.
  • [Kwon 2002] Kwon, M. (2002). One Place After Another. MIT Press.
  • [MacClancy 2015] MacClancy, J. (Ed.). (2015). Alternative Countrysides. Manchester University Press.
  • [Manovich 2001] Manovich, L. (2001). The Language of New Media. MIT Press.
  • [Merleau-Ponty 1945] Merleau-Ponty, M. (1945/2012). Phenomenology of Perception. Routledge.
  • [Pink 2015] Pink, S. (2015). Doing Sensory Ethnography (2nd ed.). Sage.
  • [Prendergast 2009] Prendergast, M. (2009). The Turn to Poetry. Inquiry, 24(1), 54–61.
  • [Rancière 2009] Rancière, J. (2009). The Emancipated Spectator. Verso.
  • [Rascaroli 2017] Rascaroli, L. (2017). The Personal Camera. Wallflower Press.
  • [Russell 2017] Russell, B. (2017). Good Luck [Film]. 143 min. 16mm.
  • [Star & Griesemer 1989] Star, S. L., & Griesemer, J. R. (1989). Boundary Objects. Social Studies of Science, 19(3), 387–420.
  • [Youngblood 1970] Youngblood, G. (1970). Expanded Cinema. Dutton.